Bio/Biochem · 1A

Proteins and enzymes

Content category 1A. 26 questions in 5 sets, each with reasoning for every answer choice.

Set 1 · Amino acids

  1. Amino acid side-chain charge at physiological pHeasy
  2. Glycine: calculating the isoelectric pointeasy
  3. Isoelectric point of an acidic amino acidmedium
  4. Isoelectric point of a basic amino acidmedium
  5. Competitive inhibition: effect on Km and Vmaxeasy

Set 2 · Enzyme kinetics

  1. Km vs. kcat vs. catalytic efficiencymedium
  2. Michaelis–Menten: velocity at a given [S]medium
  3. Noncompetitive inhibition and excess substratemedium
  4. Michaelis–Menten velocity at 2K<sub>m</sub>medium
  5. Mixed inhibition on a Lineweaver–Burk plothard

Set 3 · Enzyme kinetics

  1. Competitive inhibition: calculating the new velocityhard
  2. Calculating the turnover numberhard
  3. Covalent modification vs. allosteric regulationeasy
  4. Feedback inhibition at the committed stepeasy
  5. How enzymes affect activation energy and ΔGeasy

Set 4 · Enzymes

  1. Enzyme classes: kinases vs. phosphataseseasy
  2. Apoenzyme vs. holoenzymeeasy
  3. Hemoglobin vs. myoglobin: cooperative bindingeasy
  4. Electrophoresis: which way does a protein move?medium
  5. Forces that stabilize protein secondary structureeasy

Set 5 · Protein structure

  1. Proline as an α-helix breakereasy
  2. Breaking disulfide bonds: β-mercaptoethanol vs. ureaeasy
  3. Vitamin C and collagen hydroxylationmedium
  4. The hydrophobic effectmedium
  5. Molecular chaperonesmedium
  6. Why sickle hemoglobin polymerizes when deoxygenatedhard