Context-dependent memory
Divers who learned a word list underwater recalled more words underwater than on land, and divers who learned on land recalled more on land. This illustrates:
Answer C: explanation for every choice
A
State-dependent memory concerns internal states, such as being intoxicated or caffeinated.
B
Mood-congruent memory is recalling memories that match your current mood more easily.
C
Correct. Recall is better when the external environment at retrieval matches the environment at encoding.
D
Retroactive interference is new learning disrupting older memories.
TakeawayExternal setting → context-dependent. Internal state → state-dependent.
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Reviewed 2026-11-05 by a medical student. Spot an error? Report it with question ID ps102.