Persistent depressive disorder vs. major depression
For the past three years, a woman has felt mildly depressed most days, with low energy and poor self-esteem, but she has never met criteria for a major depressive episode. The most likely diagnosis is:
Answer C: explanation for every choice
A
Major depressive disorder requires at least one major depressive episode.
B
Bipolar II requires hypomanic and major depressive episodes.
C
Correct. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) is depressed mood most days for at least two years in adults.
D
Cyclothymic disorder involves alternating hypomanic and depressive symptoms that don't meet full criteria.
TakeawayPersistent depressive disorder: chronic (2+ years) low mood.
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Reviewed 2026-11-05 by a medical student. Spot an error? Report it with question ID ps118.